Scleroderma
Autoimmune condition causing thickening and hardening of the skin and connective tissues. Specialist management helps control symptoms and prevent complications.
Last medically reviewed by Dr Leena Das: March 2026
Scleroderma, also known as systemic sclerosis, is an autoimmune condition characterised by thickening and hardening of the skin and connective tissues. It can also affect internal organs including the lungs, heart, kidneys, and digestive system.
The condition is relatively rare, affecting approximately 1 in 10,000 people in the UK. It is more common in women and typically develops between the ages of 30 and 60. There are two main types: limited cutaneous scleroderma (previously called CREST syndrome) and diffuse cutaneous scleroderma.
Raynaud's phenomenon — where the fingers change colour in response to cold or stress — is often one of the earliest symptoms and may precede other features by years. Other symptoms include skin thickening, joint pain, difficulty swallowing, acid reflux, and breathlessness.
Dr Das provides comprehensive assessment including nailfold capillaroscopy, blood tests (specific autoantibodies including anti-centromere and anti-Scl-70), lung function tests, and echocardiography to assess for organ involvement. Treatment is tailored to the specific features and may include medications to manage Raynaud's, acid reflux, and organ-specific complications, as well as immunosuppressive therapy when indicated.
Symptoms
- •Raynaud's phenomenon
- •Skin thickening and tightening
- •Joint pain and stiffness
- •Difficulty swallowing
- •Acid reflux
- •Breathlessness
- •Fatigue
- •Digital ulcers
Treatment Options
- ✓Medications for Raynaud's phenomenon
- ✓Immunosuppressive therapy
- ✓Acid reflux management
- ✓Lung function monitoring
- ✓Physiotherapy and hand exercises
- ✓Skin care and moisturising
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes scleroderma?
The exact cause is unknown, but it involves the immune system attacking connective tissues, leading to excess collagen production. Genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role.
Is scleroderma the same as systemic sclerosis?
The terms are often used interchangeably. Systemic sclerosis refers to the condition when it affects internal organs as well as the skin. Dr Das will assess the extent of involvement through specialist investigations.
Can scleroderma be cured?
There is no cure, but treatments can effectively manage symptoms, slow progression, and prevent complications. Regular specialist monitoring is essential for early detection and treatment of organ involvement.
Expert Scleroderma Care
Book a private consultation with Dr Leena Das. Self-referral accepted — no GP referral needed.
Book Appointment — From £225