Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and brittle, significantly increasing the risk of fractures, particularly of the hip, spine, and wrist. It is often called a 'silent disease' because bone loss occurs without symptoms until a fracture happens.

Osteoporosis affects over 3 million people in the UK, with 1 in 2 women and 1 in 5 men over 50 experiencing an osteoporotic fracture. Risk factors include age, female sex, menopause, family history, low body weight, certain medications (particularly long-term corticosteroids), and conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and coeliac disease.

Diagnosis is made through a DEXA scan (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), which measures bone mineral density. Dr Das also assesses fracture risk using clinical risk factors and may arrange blood tests to identify secondary causes of bone loss.

Treatment options include lifestyle measures (weight-bearing exercise, calcium and vitamin D supplementation), bisphosphonates (alendronate, risedronate, zoledronic acid), denosumab, and anabolic agents such as teriparatide for severe osteoporosis. Dr Das provides individualised treatment plans based on fracture risk, previous fractures, and any underlying conditions.