Myositis
Rare autoimmune condition causing muscle inflammation and weakness. Specialist diagnosis and treatment are essential.
Last medically reviewed by Dr Leena Das: March 2026
Myositis refers to a group of rare autoimmune conditions characterised by inflammation of the muscles, leading to muscle weakness and sometimes pain. The main types are polymyositis, dermatomyositis (which also involves skin rashes), and inclusion body myositis.
These conditions are rare, affecting approximately 1 in 100,000 people. They can develop at any age, though polymyositis and dermatomyositis are most common between 30 and 60 years, while inclusion body myositis typically affects people over 50.
The hallmark symptom is progressive muscle weakness, typically affecting the muscles closest to the trunk (proximal muscles) such as the thighs, upper arms, and neck. Patients may notice difficulty climbing stairs, rising from a chair, lifting arms overhead, or holding up the head. Dermatomyositis additionally causes characteristic skin rashes including a purple discolouration of the eyelids and red patches over the knuckles.
Dr Das provides thorough assessment including blood tests (CK levels, myositis-specific antibodies), electromyography, MRI, and sometimes muscle biopsy. Treatment typically involves corticosteroids and immunosuppressive medications, with regular monitoring of muscle strength and disease activity.
Symptoms
- •Progressive muscle weakness
- •Difficulty climbing stairs or rising from chairs
- •Difficulty lifting arms
- •Muscle pain
- •Skin rashes (dermatomyositis)
- •Difficulty swallowing
- •Fatigue
- •Weight loss
Treatment Options
- ✓Corticosteroids
- ✓Immunosuppressive medications
- ✓Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg)
- ✓Physiotherapy and exercise
- ✓Speech and swallowing therapy if needed
- ✓Regular monitoring
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes myositis?
Myositis is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks muscle tissue. The exact trigger is unknown, though genetic susceptibility and environmental factors are thought to play a role.
Is myositis treatable?
Yes, polymyositis and dermatomyositis usually respond well to immunosuppressive treatment. Inclusion body myositis is more resistant to treatment, but physiotherapy and supportive care are important. Dr Das will determine the most appropriate approach.
How is myositis diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves blood tests (CK, myositis-specific antibodies), EMG, MRI of affected muscles, and sometimes muscle biopsy. Dr Das will arrange the appropriate investigations.
Expert Myositis Care
Book a private consultation with Dr Leena Das. Self-referral accepted — no GP referral needed.
Book Appointment — From £225